Sociology, economics and food are fields that develop together with the rural world. In the next chapter, our experts will explain how they actively affect the rural world. From the point of view of the economy, we seek a recognition of the rural world by society and an application of social and territorial innovations to create new models of decision and development. On the other hand, it is necessary to identify new rural models proposing environmental and social challenges. In addition, human geography must also be taken into account with respect to human resources, natural resources and food systems, among others.